Journal: Nature

Article Title: Mutant IDH inhibits HNF-4α to block hepatocyte differentiation and promote biliary cancer.

doi: 10.1038/nature13441

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2 | Mutant IDH blocks hepatocyte differentiation by silencing HNF- 4a. a, Heat map of GSEA showing top-ranked gene sets distinguishing IDH1(R132C) or IDH2(R172K) from wild-type (WT) or empty vector (EV) control hepatoblasts (pairwise analysis; replicates for each condition; see Methods). NES, normalized enrichment score; NS, not significant. b, c, Hepatoblasts analysed by immunoblot (b) and qRT–PCR (c). d, e, Analysis of wild-type hepatoblasts expressing the indicated short hairpin (sh)RNAs (uncoated plates). CTL, control. d, Hepatocyte sphere formation. e, Proliferation of shRNA-expressing hepatoblast cells co-expressing EV or shRNA-resistant Hnf4a(1) complementary DNA. f–h, Control and R132C- expressing hepatoblasts co-expressing vector control (EV2) or HNF-4a, grown on uncoated plates. f, Hepatocyte sphere formation. g, Hepatocyte gene expression. h, Proliferation. Scale bars, 100mm (d), 250mm (f). *P , 0.05.

Article Snippet: The R140Q and R172K mutations were introduced into human IDH2 cDNA (Origene, MD # SC319226, NCBI RefSeq accession number NM_002168.3) using the Quickchange kit (Agilent Lexington, MA #200521) as per the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Mutagenesis, Plasmid Preparation, Control, Western Blot, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, shRNA, Gene Expression

Journal: Cancer research

Article Title: IDH2 Mutations Define a Unique Subtype of Breast Cancer with Altered Nuclear Polarity

doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-0298

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Non-synonymous somatic IDH2, TET2, PIK3CA, and PIK3R1 mutations identified in the 13 SPCRPs studied here by massively parallel sequencing (WES or MSK-IMPACT), SNaPshot or Sanger sequencing. (B) Mutation plot shows the domain structure of IDH2 and the non-synonymous IDH2 mutations identified in SPCRP and in common forms of breast cancer published by TCGA available from cBioPortal (28). (C) 2HG analysis in IDH2-mutant SPCRP (case 12) and IDH wild-type invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type (IDC). (D) IDH2/TET2-mutant SPCRPs display global DNA hypermethylation assessed by Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip as compared to IDH2/TET2 wild-type IDCs (left). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering using all methylation values/ genes of six IDH2/TET2-mutant SPCRPs and two IDH2/TET2 wild-type IDCs using complete linkage and Euclidean distance (right). The 1000 genes with the highest variance across samples are displayed. Methylation status is color coded according to the legend. (E) H3K27me3 immunohistochemical analysis of four IDH2-mutant SPCRPs (top row) and four IDH2 wild-type IDCs (bottom row). Nuclear immunoreactivity for H3K27me3 was quantified using the H-score. *, p<0.05; Mann-Whitney U test.

Article Snippet: The human IDH2 ( {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"NM_002168","term_id":"588282795","term_text":"NM_002168"}} NM_002168 ) cDNA ORF clone pCMV6-IDH2::Myc-DDK was purchased from Origene (RC201152), and the R172S mutation introduced using the Q5 Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit (New England Biolabs) following the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Techniques: Sequencing, Mutagenesis, Methylation, Immunohistochemical staining, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Cancer research

Article Title: IDH2 Mutations Define a Unique Subtype of Breast Cancer with Altered Nuclear Polarity

doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-0298

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Detection of 2HG as a readout of IDH2WT and IDH2R172S enzymatic activity in total protein lysates (left) and in conditioned media (right) of MCF10AP and MCF10AH1047R cells expressing empty vector control, IDH2WT or IDH2R172S. The same cell lysates from MCF10AP and MCF10AH1047R cells were analyzed for IDH2 protein expression by western blotting. Total tubulin was used as loading control; ns: not significant; ***P<0.001; ****P<0.0001; error bars represent standard deviation of mean. (B) Whole cell lysates of MCF10AP and MCF10AH1047R cells were analyzed for IDH2, total and phosphorylated RB, E-cadherin, and tubulin protein expression by western blotting (left), and quantified using near-infrared detection (LI-COR; Odyssey) (right); error bars represent standard deviation of mean.

Article Snippet: The human IDH2 ( {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"NM_002168","term_id":"588282795","term_text":"NM_002168"}} NM_002168 ) cDNA ORF clone pCMV6-IDH2::Myc-DDK was purchased from Origene (RC201152), and the R172S mutation introduced using the Q5 Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit (New England Biolabs) following the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Control, Western Blot, Standard Deviation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Modification, Plasmid Preparation, Protein Extraction, Protease Inhibitor, Spectrophotometry, DC Protein Assay, Staining

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Modification, Plasmid Preparation, Generated

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Mutagenesis

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Registered report: The common feature of leukemia-associated IDH1 and IDH2 mutations is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate

doi: 10.7554/eLife.12626

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: IDH2 R172K ORF in pCMV6 , Plasmid , Origene , RC400103 , .

Techniques: Mutagenesis

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: LncRNA OIP5-AS1 Regulates the Warburg Effect Through miR-124-5p/IDH2/HIF-1α Pathway in Cervical Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.655018

Figure Lengend Snippet: Sequences of primers of qPCR, si-RNA, and miRNA.

Article Snippet: IDH2 , 1:1000 , 56439 , Cell Signaling Technology.

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: LncRNA OIP5-AS1 Regulates the Warburg Effect Through miR-124-5p/IDH2/HIF-1α Pathway in Cervical Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.655018

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibody information.

Article Snippet: IDH2 , 1:1000 , 56439 , Cell Signaling Technology.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: LncRNA OIP5-AS1 Regulates the Warburg Effect Through miR-124-5p/IDH2/HIF-1α Pathway in Cervical Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.655018

Figure Lengend Snippet: OIP5-AS1 mediates the promoting effect of hypoxia on Warburg effect is IDH2 dependent. (A) Levels of LDHA enzymatic activity (A) , representative of GLUT1 protein expression images (B) , and levels of GLUT1 and LDHA mRNA (C) in Hela cells knocking down OIP5-AS1 or its control under normoxic or hypoxic conditions for 24 h. Data were shown as mean ± SD of three individual experiments. ns was P > 0.05, *** was P < 0.001, and P value was calculated by Student’s t test. (D) We established a Hela cells overexpressing IDH2 (Over-IDH2) and its control cells (Plasmid), and used western blot to detect the expression of IDH2 protein in Over-IDH2 or Plasmid Hela cells after knocking down OIP5-AS1. (E,F) Levels of lactate (E) in the culture medium and intracellular glucose (F) of Hela cells after culturing for 24 h under hypoxia. Data were shown as mean ± SD of three individual experiments. *** was P < 0.001 and P value was calculated by post hoc comparisons.

Article Snippet: IDH2 , 1:1000 , 56439 , Cell Signaling Technology.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing, Control, Plasmid Preparation, Western Blot

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: LncRNA OIP5-AS1 Regulates the Warburg Effect Through miR-124-5p/IDH2/HIF-1α Pathway in Cervical Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.655018

Figure Lengend Snippet: OIP5-AS1 regulates miR-124-5p expression by both directly targeting and Ago2-dependent manner, and miR-124-5p target inhibition of IDH2 expression in cervical cancer cell. (A) Predicted binding sites of miR-124-5p on OIP5-AS1 transcript (black) and IDH2 transcript (black). (B) RT-qPCR analysis of the indicated miR-124-5p levels in Hela, Caski, and Siha cells under normoxic or hypoxic conditions for 24 h. Data were shown as mean ± SD of three individual experiments. *** was P < 0.001 and P value was calculated by Student’s t test. (C,D) RT-qPCR analysis of the indicated miR-124-5p or OIP5-AS1 levels in Hela, Caski, and Siha cells over-expressing miR-124-5p or expressing knockdown miR-124-5p under normoxic or hypoxic conditions for 24 h. Data were shown as mean ± SD of three individual experiments. * was P < 0.05, ** was P < 0.01 and, *** was P < 0.001, and P value was calculated by Student’s t test. (E) miR-124-5p-NC, mimic and inhibitor was co-transferred with OIP5-AS1 wild type (WT) or mutant (MUT) transcript, and then detected luciferase activity. Data were shown as mean ± SD of three individual experiments. ns was P > 0.05 and *** was P < 0.001, and P value was calculated by post hoc comparisons. (F) RT-qPCR analysis of the indicated miR-124-5p and OIP5-AS1 levels associated with AGO2 after RIP assay in Hela cells. Data were shown as mean ± SD of three individual experiments. *** was P < 0.001, and P value was calculated by post hoc comparisons. (G,H) Dual-luciferase reporter assay shows that miR-124-5p targets inhibition of IDH2 expression (G) , and Western blot analysis shows that OIP5-AS1 promotes IDH2 expression via inhibiting miR-124-5p expression (H) . Data were shown as mean ± SD of three individual experiments. ns was P > 0.05 and *** was P < 0.001, and P value was calculated by post hoc comparisons in panel (G) and by Student’s t test in panel (H) . (I) Schematic illustration of the proposed model depicting OIP5-AS1 promotes IDH2 expression via inhibiting miR-124-5p expression.

Article Snippet: IDH2 , 1:1000 , 56439 , Cell Signaling Technology.

Techniques: Expressing, Inhibition, Binding Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR, Knockdown, Mutagenesis, Luciferase, Activity Assay, Reporter Assay, Western Blot

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: LncRNA OIP5-AS1 Regulates the Warburg Effect Through miR-124-5p/IDH2/HIF-1α Pathway in Cervical Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.655018

Figure Lengend Snippet: OIP5-AS1 regulates the Warburg effect through IDH2 is HIF-1α dependent. (A,B) Levels of IDH2, HIF-1α, GLUT1, and LDHA protein expression in Hela cells using western blot. (C–F) Levels of lactate (C) in the culture medium and intracellular glucose (D) of Hela cells after culturing for 24 h under hypoxia, and RT-qPCR indicated GLUT1/LDHA mRNA levels, western blot analysis showed IDH2, HIF-1α, GLUT1, and LDHA protein expression. Data were shown as mean ± SD of three individual experiments. P value was calculated by post hoc comparisons. *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: IDH2 , 1:1000 , 56439 , Cell Signaling Technology.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Oncology reports

Article Title: Downregulation of IDH2 exacerbates the malignant progression of osteosarcoma cells via increased NF-κB and MMP-9 activation.

doi: 10.3892/or.2016.4553

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. Expression and survival analyses of IDH2 in osteosarcoma biopsies. (A) IDH2 expression was specifically determined in the mitochondria by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Representative slides from Rosen's high grade osteosarcoma tissues (a and b) and low grade tissues (c and d). IDH2 immunoreactivity appears as strong brown staining in the low grade osteosarcoma biopsies. Magnification: x200 (a and c) and x400 (b and d). (B) The high IDH2 expression group represented the osteosarcoma patients with IDH2 expression scores >4. The patients with IDH2 expres- sion scores ≤4 were recorded as the low IDH2 expression group. The survival time in the x-axis is given in years. (a) The patients with low IDH2-expressing tumors had no significant difference in overall survival (OS) compared to those with high IDH2-expressing tumors (P=0.063). (b) There was no significant trend toward event-free (relapse and metastasis included) survival (EFS) in the patients with IDH2 expression (P=0.074).

Article Snippet: The IDH2 and MMP-9 proteins were detected using rabbit polyclonal primary antibodies (Protein Technology Group, uSA).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemistry, Staining

Journal: Oncology reports

Article Title: Downregulation of IDH2 exacerbates the malignant progression of osteosarcoma cells via increased NF-κB and MMP-9 activation.

doi: 10.3892/or.2016.4553

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. IDH2 depletion promotes cell proliferation, and alters the cell cycle distribution. (A) The IDH2 downregulation efficiency was verified at the protein level by western blot analysis in the KD cells with siIDH2 stable transfection compared to the empty vector (EV)-transfected cells and/or the non-treated (NT) cells. The IDH2 protein was significantly decreased in the Saos-2 KD (P<0.05) and MG63 KD cells (P<0.05). IDH2 expression was not different between the NT and EV cells in either the Saos-2 or MG63 cell line (P>0.05). β-actin expression was monitored as the control. A representative western blot result is shown. (B) Cell viability was evaluated by the MTT assay. IDH2 downregulation promoted cell proliferation in the Saos-2 KD and MG63 KD cells (**P<0.01) compared to the EV and NT cells. (C and D) The stable transfectants were harvested for DNA content analysis by flow cytometry. The empty vector and/or non-transfected cells were used as the controls. IDH2 downregulation induced an increase in the G2/M population accompanied by a reduction in the S phase population in the Saos-2 and MG-63 cell lines (*P<0.05). Representative results are shown.

Article Snippet: The IDH2 and MMP-9 proteins were detected using rabbit polyclonal primary antibodies (Protein Technology Group, uSA).

Techniques: Western Blot, Stable Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Transfection, Expressing, Control, MTT Assay, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Oncology reports

Article Title: Downregulation of IDH2 exacerbates the malignant progression of osteosarcoma cells via increased NF-κB and MMP-9 activation.

doi: 10.3892/or.2016.4553

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. IDH2 depletion increases cell invasion, but does not change the intracellular ROS levels. (A and B) The invasive activity of the Saos-2 KD and MG63 KD cells was increased (**P<0.01) compared to the EV cells. Representative results under magnification x200 are shown. (C and D) There was no significant difference in the ROS levels in the Saos-2 KD or MG63 KD cells (P>0.05) compared to the EV and NT cells. Representative results are shown.

Article Snippet: The IDH2 and MMP-9 proteins were detected using rabbit polyclonal primary antibodies (Protein Technology Group, uSA).

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Oncology reports

Article Title: Downregulation of IDH2 exacerbates the malignant progression of osteosarcoma cells via increased NF-κB and MMP-9 activation.

doi: 10.3892/or.2016.4553

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. IDH2 downregulation elevates NF-κB transcriptional activity and IκB phosphorylation. (A) In both the Saos-2 and MG63 cells, the degradation of inactivated NF-κB was promoted by IDH2 downregulation compared to the EV cells (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in other proteins, such as Bcl-2, phosphorylated and total ERK, and phosphorylated and total JNK (P>0.05). A representative western blot result is shown. (B) Increased NF-κB transcriptional activity was detected in the siIDH2-transfected Saos-2 or MG63 cells (Saos-2 pNF-κB-Luc siIDH2 or MG63 pNF-κB-Luc siIDH2 cells) (P<0.05) compared to the EV cells (pNF-κB-Luc EV cells) using the NF-κB-Luc reporter. The NF-κB activity was significantly reduced by mIκB overexpres- sion (pNF-κB-Luc mIκB cells). When the siIDH2-transfected Saos-2 and MG63 cells were transfected with mIκB (pNF-κB-Luc siIDH2 + mIκB cells), the NF-κB activity was markedly decreased (n=3; P<0.01). Transfection of the empty luc reporter in the NT cells (p-Luc NT cells) and EV cells (p-Luc EV cells) showed minimal background luciferase activity. The NT cells transfected with the NF-κB-Luc reporter (pNF-κB-Luc NT cells) did not show a significant change in luciferase activity; *P<0.05 and **P<0.01. Columns, means; bars, SE (standard deviation). (C) The Saos-2 and MG63 cells transfected with siIDH2 (siIDH2 cells) exhibited suppression of the expression of the NF-κB inhibitor IκBα and promoted the activation of a subset of p-IκBα compared to the EV cells (P<0.05). mIκB suppressed the IDH2 downregulation-induced IκBα phosphorylation (P<0.05). Representative results are shown.

Article Snippet: The IDH2 and MMP-9 proteins were detected using rabbit polyclonal primary antibodies (Protein Technology Group, uSA).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Phospho-proteomics, Western Blot, Transfection, Luciferase, Standard Deviation, Expressing, Activation Assay

Journal: Oncology reports

Article Title: Downregulation of IDH2 exacerbates the malignant progression of osteosarcoma cells via increased NF-κB and MMP-9 activation.

doi: 10.3892/or.2016.4553

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Downregulation of IDH2 increases MMP-9 activation. (A and B) MMP-9 expression was upregulated by IDH2 siRNA transfection (P<0.01) and downregulated by MMP-9 siRNA transfection (P<0.05). MMP-9 down- regulation suppressed the increased MMP-9 expression following IDH2 downregulation (P<0.01). Representative results are shown. β-actin served as the loading control; **P<0.01, *P<0.05.

Article Snippet: The IDH2 and MMP-9 proteins were detected using rabbit polyclonal primary antibodies (Protein Technology Group, uSA).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Expressing, Transfection, Control